Yukon

The Yukon. Canada's True North.

LOCATION
The Yukon Territory in Canada's northwest corner, bordered on the south by British Columbia, on the west by the American state of Alaska and on the east by the Northwest Territories and covers 483,450 square kilometres. Located above the Arctic Circle, the Yukon is known as "the land of the midnight sun" because for three months in summer, daylight is almost continuous. In the winter, however, darkness sets in and the light of day is not seen for a quarter of the year.

HISTORY
Yukon was the first area in Canada to be settled by people, as the ancestors of the Amerindians migrated from Asia over the Bering Strait 10,000 to 25,000 years ago. The first European explorers were Russians who traveled along the coast in the 1700s and traded with the Indians. American traders arrived after the 1867 Russian sale of Alaska to the United States. When gold was discovered near Dawson City in 1896, the region's population was the greatest in northwestern Canada. In 1898, the Yukon Territory was officially established to ensure Canadian jurisdiction. When gold reserves dwindled in the early 1900s, so did population growth.

PEOPLE
Today 31,000 people live in the Yukon with 60 percent of them in Whitehorse, Yukon's capital city. Aboriginal peoples making up about a quarter of the population. The Yukon's vast interior forests were long occupied by the Athapaskans, who have six distinct groups: Kutchin, Han, Tutchone, Inland Tlingit, Kaska and Tagish.

Spell of the Yukon - by Robert Service

I wanted the gold, and I sought it,
I scrabbled and mucked like a slave.
Was it famine or scurvy -- I fought it;
I hurled my youth into a grave.
I wanted the gold, and I got it --
Came out with a fortune last fall, --
Yet somehow life's not what I thought it,
And somehow the gold isn't all.

No! There's the land. (Have you seen it?)
It's the cussedest land that I know,
From the big, dizzy mountains that screen it
To the deep, deathlike valleys below.
Some say God was tired when He made it;
Some say it's a fine land to shun;
Maybe; but there's some as would trade it
For no land on earth -- and I'm one.

You come to get rich (damned good reason);
You feel like an exile at first;
You hate it like hell for a season,
And then you are worse than the worst.
It grips you like some kinds of sinning;
It twists you from foe to a friend;
It seems it's been since the beginning;
It seems it will be to the end.

I've stood in some mighty-mouthed hollow
That's plumb-full of hush to the brim;
I've watched the big, husky sun wallow
In crimson and gold, and grow dim,
Till the moon set the pearly peaks gleaming,
And the stars tumbled out, neck and crop;
And I've thought that I surely was dreaming,
With the peace o' the world piled on top.

The summer -- no sweeter was ever;
The sunshiny woods all athrill;
The grayling aleap in the river,
The bighorn asleep on the hill.
The strong life that never knows harness;
The wilds where the caribou call;
The freshness, the freedom, the farness --
O God! how I'm stuck on it all.

The winter! the brightness that blinds you,
The white land locked tight as a drum,
The cold fear that follows and finds you,
The silence that bludgeons you dumb.
The snows that are older than history,
The woods where the weird shadows slant;
The stillness, the moonlight, the mystery,
I've bade 'em good-by -- but I can't.

There's a land where the mountains are nameless,
And the rivers all run God knows where;
There are lives that are erring and aimless,
And deaths that just hang by a hair;
There are hardships that nobody reckons;
There are valleys unpeopled and still;
There's a land -- oh, it beckons and beckons,
And I want to go back -- and I will.

They're making my money diminish;
I'm sick of the taste of champagne.
Thank God! when I'm skinned to a finish
I'll pike to the Yukon again.
I'll fight -- and you bet it's no sham-fight;
It's hell! -- but I've been there before;
And it's better than this by a damnsite --
So me for the Yukon once more.

There's gold, and it's haunting and haunting;
It's luring me on as of old;
Yet it isn't the gold that I'm wanting
So much as just finding the gold.
It's the great, big, broad land 'way up yonder,
It's the forests where silence has lease;
It's the beauty that thrills me with wonder,
It's the stillness that fills me with peace.